Lecture on Communication and Globalization

Communication and Globalization
The word communication may have different meanings for different people in different contexts. Sometimes communication refers a process and sometimes it’s a human act too. Communication is a kind of discipline. All of them are valued, what we should distinguish is the different points of reference from which we are trying to understand the term. Thus, the dictionary meaning of communication is- the exchange of thoughts, messages or information as by speech, signals, writings or behavior. The different levels of communication are as follows-
1. Intrapersonal communication
2. Interpersonal communication
3. Group communication
4. Organizational communication
5. Mass communication
We live in 21st century and we are accustomed to the fact that our daily activities are exceedingly influenced by the communication technologies such as television, computers, e-mail, etc. As a result, the intensification of the relationship among the people living in the different parts of the world is at an alarming rate. In this relation, the whole world is being looked at as a single community that is connected by electronic communication systems. In the other word, the world where we reside in the present context is termed as global community or global village and the term was first coined by McLuhan.
Society point of view--------------------------global community
Communication point of view---------------mass communication of global scale
Globalization has been defined as the fact that different cultures and economic systems around the world are becoming connected and similar to each other because of the influence of the large multinational companies and of improved communication. In this regard, media has a significant and inevitable role in the process of globalization. Globalization is a phenomenon which has made the establishment of global community possible. Moreover, there is a reciprocal relation between globalization and media for media has affected in the process of globalization and globalization has affected media. Media has brought the people living in different part of the world together owing to which people are seen sharing common culture such as fooding habit, clothing habit, language, etc. it is through globalization that the people have broaden their knowledge and thinking capacity. At the same time, people are said to be living in a mediated world, where they have knowledge of both local and global issues. Therefore, the phrase ‘be local and think globally’ is widely in practice.
Likewise, media has successfully developed its horizon. With the introduction of new technologies in the field of mass media it has been able to allure the large audiences. As a result, media is connected to the people informational and emotionally. As a whole, media is technologically developing itself from different timeframe such as expanding its coverage, going global, etc. at the same time media is shifted informing the persons and playing an important role in the process of assimilation. In ancient period, communication was limited to intrapersonal and interpersonal. However with the invention of information technology and with the newly founded inquisitiveness among the people the communication is being projected from the view point of mass communication of global scale. In conclusion, globalization is the process that fitfully brings various elements of world’s society together. Due to this phenomenon, we live in global village where different people from different parts of the world have acquaintance with one another’s culture and in this process; media has played inevitably an important role.

Praiseworthy Literary Figure Hari Manjushree

"There are two types of people in this world;one who does not utilize his ability but curse God for making him a failure and the other who thanks god for giving him an ability so that he can contribute in his own way to the society." Elisha Shrestha
In above quotation,the other person reflects the personality of one of the rising literary star in the field of Nepali literature;Hari Manjushree.
In the celebration of the New Year of 2066,a book exhibition was launched in order to honor Hari Manjushree. The program was organized by The Red Cross society of Dhulikhel in which Kathmandu University's Vice Chancellor Dr Suresh Raj Sharma was the chief guest of the ceremony.
Harimanjushree's work has made a lasting impression on the literary field of Nepal by introducing simple but attractive Nepali grammatical rules. Along with this ,he has been honored by many prizes .By growing up in a poverty and ,ultimately,learning to face many challenges,Hari Manjushree has always tried to explicate a tangible picture of the society. Similarly,apart from being a writer,he is also a journalist and has worked in many media organizations. A Kavre resident,Hari Manjushree has made Kavre proud by publishing many qualitative books. In the program,many other literary figures like Mohan Duwal,etc lavishly praised Hari Manjushree for his great contribution in Nepali literature. Therefore,the chief of the ceremony Dr Suresh Raj Sharma gave certificate to Hari Manjushree and he too praised Hari Manjushree for his memorable works in literary field of Nepal.

Madan Puraskar Pustakalaya

Madan puraskar pustakalaya is the first library which contains a huge collection of books and periodicals in Nepali language. It was established in 1940s and is located in Lalitpur. A prolific personality in the field of press in Nepal ,Kamal Mani Dixit is the founder as well as the chairman of the library. The main objective of this library is toPreserve and Conserve the books,magazines and newspapers of many years ago. It keeps a complete record of books, invitation cards and newspapers as well. There are altogether 26,854 books, 5,125 newspapers, 7000 digitized photo, 35000 wall paintings, 500 hand written and 700 audio-video records. It even records that there are about 1000 of newspapers that have been stopped to publish since it first or second issue only. The speciality of this library is that it keeps record of ancient treasures. A 100 years back photo of Rana Prime Minister Junga Bahadur Rana is wonderfully digitized and preserved. According to the members of the library, the first Nepali book to be printed was Holy Bible in 1820. It was published from Srirampur Missionaries. The staffs of the library also showed the most precious and priceless publication. It was the first issue of Gorkhapatra. The library also consists first book of Nepal published in 1820 AD named as 'Grammar of Nepalese Language'.The library also has the issue of the first magazine in Nepali language'Sudha Sagar' and another literary magazine'Saradha' of 1991.

Radio Nepal and my experience

"Good Afternoon to all,I am Komal Oli and lets begin with the main news of the day".Since my childhood,I am familiar with the every single words of this sentence but at that time,I used to wonder from where the anchor of the program sends her voice.However,after growing up,I came to realise that it was due to Radio Nepal,a radio station,from where Komal Oli used to captivate me through her sweet voice.
In this context,last Wednesday,our media teacher took us to the station of Radio Nepal as a part of our field trip.
Radio Nepal, which was formally established on 1April 1951 in the premises of Singha Darbar,is popularly known for its message oriented programs.Similarly,as being a government radio station,it receives a huge amount of donation from many different countries.As a result,it has got a well equiped technologies along with sophisticated buildings with compared to other radio stations in Nepal. Radio Nepal recognizes that its primary obligation is to serve its listeners. It has been providing various programs aimed at creating mass awareness in its attempt to reflect the views of all sections of the society.
Me, along with my friends,were overjoyed to penetrate through the big studios of Radio Nepal where the songs and different programs are recorded.We also came to know that the short Wave transmission of Radio Nepal covers 70% to 80% of the population. This studio along with the provision of a standby studio has made it possible to broadcast programmes live. Radio Nepal has a policy of leasing out its air time to private parties to broadcast programmes on its FM channel by permitting private operators to use their own staff. These programmes have proved to be very popular among the urban youth of Kathmandu.
Radio Nepal has its own studios for programme production, music recording, drama recording, talks shows and news broadcasts. A music library at its premises in Singh Durbar has a collection of about 40,000 songs. Foreign broadcasting Stations also make use of our Studio facilities and transmitters for live and other broadcasts on a rental basis.The complex also has one open air live theatre facility for functions and musical performances. Like other transmitting stations, the Head quarters also has a 100 kVA stand by diesel generator Radio Nepal is making a modest effort to make use of the latest development in computer and digital radio. The task of digitizing old songs and mastering on digital format has been initiated. Today, CD has become the dominant digital storage medium due to its large storage capacity, high fidelity and low cost. Now our valuable songs of the good old days, which were recorded on analog reel tape, are getting new life.
While we were in the studio,we came across with live program which was being hosted by one of the prominent RJs of Nepal ,Tika Bhandari.Along with it,we got a chance to meet with a reputed singer of Nepal named Meera Rana.We all became so excited that we started to take photo of her.
Thus,such moment comes and goes but what really matters is the memories that we will be sharing in days to come.

The journey of film industry in Nepal

The beginning of film medium in Nepal was done during Panchayat regime in the 1960s with the patronization from Royal family.Hira Singh Khatri came to Nepal from Bollywood in the invitation of King Mahendra and he made a documentary about 42nd birthday of King Mahendra.That was the first ever film made from Nepal.However,the first film in Nepali language was 'Satya Harishchandra' and its director was D.B.Pariyar.The first feature film from Nepal was 'Aama',which was Black and White and made in 1965 AD.It was produced by His Majesty's Government of Nepal.In order to develop the film industry,the government established the Film Corporation.Nepali films became color in Panchayat period.
In the beginning,Nepalese film industry produced quite a number of successful movies such as Basanti,Prem Pinda and Maithighar.In 2000,Caravan was nominated for Academy Award.This film was produced jointly by Nepal and France.However,with the changing course of time,Nepali film industry could not develop its standard and ,in the present senario,it is lacking its charm.
Nepali movie industry has been operating for more than 50 years but these 50 years were not very smooth.Below are some of the major problems with which Nepali film industry is facing in a current moment.

1. From the beginning,Nepalese movie industry has been facing serious competition fromIndian movie industry.In comparison with Bollywood in terms of quality,quantity,technical equipments and know-hows,Nepalese movie industry is Goliath.Every time,it is fighting against a DAVID named 'Bollywood'.The outcome is,Nepalese movie makers end up imitating Bollywood movies.
2. According to Uddhav Poudel,producers,Nepali movie market demands 150 movies per year.Five years earlier,the condition of film industry was quite well.It produced 55 movies per year.Now the number has taken a nose dive between 12 and 15.
3. There were 450 cinema halls out of which 200 are operating at present.The poor economic condition of the country is the major factor behind this.
4. At present,investment per movie is between Rs three million and ten million,which is higher compared to the past.However,the present day movie of Nepal was Darpan Chaya.Released eight years ago,this movie made a collection of 20 million rupees.Now,the successful movies can not even collect 10 million rupees.
5. Another major problem is lack of equipments and people with technical knowledge.
   

It is true that the scenario has chanded alot in the film industry of Nepal but there are many things need to be done.The major challenge in film making is that it is a creative process and takes alot of time to reach to the point of maturity.Tn order to reach that point,there is no alternative to skill,hard work and dedication.Nepal doesnot have many well trained actors and film makers.So,the first thing for survival is to build up a pool of skilled actors,directors and producers.Second,movie makers should always try to experience with new ideas and concepts.It would help them to keep the attention of the audience.From now on ,Nepalese movie makers have to try to think out of the box.

Another story of the new story

i am here and i seem to be happy but, deep inside my heart,i am feeling a huge burden which might be released in coming future."Life is beautiful"and i know that it is true but i also know that according to different people this thought also may be different.

i have come to realise that we all are spiritually corrupted people and it is also undeniable that in order to survive in this world we have to act like one.Different people whom i have met in my life have taught me a different lessons owing to which i have successfully made my own identity which might be likeable or even unlikable to many.
Praises,betrays and hatred are the part of our life and success and failure are the teachers who teach us to face different events .However,though,we know all these things,why do we long for what we don't have?Why do we feel unblessed when we don't get what we want?Is it a human nature to be unsatisfied or is it, we,ourselves who want to life in a confused and gloomy life?

Mesmerizing my trip to Changunarayan

Being a media student in Kathmandu University means having to deal with a lots of assignments and project works.Therefore,field trips are not an exceptional.Every Wednesday,media students of second semester are assigned to visit a particular place for the propose of reporting.As a result,last Wednesday,we had an opportunity to observe one of the oldest Hindu temple in Kathmandu; Changunarayan.

A mandap style hindu temple,which came into existence in fourth century, is dedicated to Lord Vishnu in his incarnation as "Narayan".The temple is adore by some of the best specimen of stone,wood and metal craft in the valley.The temple stands as the epitome of culture,religion,history and the faith of the Kathmandu valley.Changunarayan was named as 'Dolashikhar Swami" during Lichhavi period.However,it was later renamed as "Changunarayan"in Malla period.Inside the Changunarayan temple is a esteemed figure of Garuda. The statue is offered sweets by the devotees every year on Nag Panchami. This is done in remembrance of the epic struggle with the great snake Taksaka. The drops of moisture, believed to be effective against diseases such as leprosy and ulcers, are collected by the priests.Statues of King Bhupalendra Malla of Kathmandu and his mother can also be seen in a shrine. To the north of the temple is a sculpture of Lord Vishnu seated on Garuda (Garudasana Vishnu). This image appears on the Nepalese 10 rupee note. Vishnu sculpture dates back to 9th century.

According to one of the priests who was guiding us, in the past the land where Changunarayan temple stands were full of Chaanp trees. Many cowboys and Brahmins resided in that Chaanp forest. The cowboys reared cattle owned by the Brahmins. Everyday those cowboys visited Brahmins with the milk but suddenly the stopped bringing milk to Brahmins and so the Brahmin tried to inspect on the situation so he went to the place where now Changunarayan temple stands. I is said that there was a Chaanp tree on the spot and suddenly that Brahmin saw a black man appear and suck up all the milk from the cow. Brahmin furiously cut off the black man’s head which caused it to appear with four limbs in the form of Changunarayan. Brahmin got scared and was ready to commit himself for his mistake. And then God Vishnu convinced that it wasn’t his mistake. He then explained to him that many years ago fight took place between god and devils. There was a Brahmin named Sumati who fought from the devil’s side, was killed. For this, Vishnu was wised. His curse was relieved only when a generation from Sumati cuts off his head. And so, he attempted this. He then settled there as Changunarayan who was only worshipped by a Brahmin.
At present, it is believed that only a generation from that Brahmin family can worship and this is still in practice.

The festivals in Changunarayan:
Baisakh Krishna Amavashya (Jatra held for 8 days)
· Krishna Asthami Rath Yatra
· During Fagu Purnima, Vanshagopal Jatra is held with Vanshgopal (the chariot)
Thus,penetrating through the most beautifully preserved cultural heritage,I came to conclusion that Changunarayan has all those qualities which enable us to proudly declare ourselves as culturally engulfed Nepalese.